Class Terminology

Basic terminology and pronunciation of Chinese terms used in class. Enjoy

 

GENERAL TERMS

長拳                             Chang Quan    Long Fist

洪(門/家)拳                    Hong Quan     Hong Family Fist

楊氏太極拳                   Yang Family Tai Ji Quan

老師                             Lao Shi            Teacher

教練                             Jiao Lian         Instructor

師兄                             Shi Xiong        Older Brother / senior / Instructor

 

 

BODY PARTS

腳                     jiǎo                               foot

腳尖                 jiǎo jiān                           tip of the toe

腳背                 jiǎo bèi                         top of foot

腳跟                 jiǎo gēn                        heel

趾                     zhǐ                               toe

踝                     huái                              ankle

脛骨                 jìng gǔ                         shin

脛骨 裡面          jìng gǔ lǐ miàn              inner side of the shin

脛骨 外面          jìng gǔ wài miàn           outer side of the shin

外小腿             wài xiǎo tuǐ                   shin

小腿                 xiǎo tuǐ                         lower leg

膝蓋                 xī gài                            knee

大腿                 dà tuǐ                            thigh

胯                     kuà                               hip joint, crotch area

腰                     yāo                               waist

丹田                 dān tián                          centre of gravity of the body

中丹田              zhōng dān tián              solar (middle dan tian) plexis

橫膈膜               héng gé mó                  diaphragm

身                     shēn                             body; torso

肩                     jiān                               shoulder

肩胛骨             jiān jiǎ gǔ                      scapula; shoulder blade

胸                     xiōng                            chest; thorax

肋骨                 lèi gǔ                            ribs

胸骨                 xiōng gǔ                       sternum; breastbone

脊椎                 jǐ zhuī                          backbone; spine; vertebrae

尾閭                 wěi lǘ                            tail bone, coccyx

背                     bèi                                the back of the body

臀部                 tún bù                           butt; buttocks

脖子                 bó zi                             neck

喉嚨                 hóu lóng                       throat

下顎                 xià è                              lower jaw

眼睛                 yǎn jīng                        eye

鼻子                 bí zi                             nose

耳朵                 ěr duo                           ear

口                     kǒu                               mouth

頭                     tóu                               head

肘                     zhǒu                             elbow

上臂                 shàng bì                       upper arm

臂                     bì                                 arm

橋                     qiáo                              bridge / forearm

橋手                 qiáo shǒu                     bridge hand / forearm

手 腕                shǒu wàn                      wrist

手                     shǒu                             hand; convenient

掌                     zhǎng                           palm of hand

拳                     quán                             fist

指                     zhǐ                               finger

虎爪                 zhuǎ                             tiger claw

勾                     gōu                              to hook (verb)

鉤子                 gōu zi                           a hook

 

Other Terms and Concepts

 

Breathing

吸 (氣)  xī qì                             inhale

吐 (氣)  tǔ qì                             exhale

呼 (氣)  hū qì                            exhale

氣         qì                                 air, vital breath , internal energy

吞         tūn                               sink

含         hán                               concave  (power, qi , and body)

體呼    ti hū qì                           body exhale

 

Posture

中心     zhōng xīn                     center, core, central axis

膝蓋不過腳尖                            knees must not be further forward than the toes

九關節 jiǔ guān jié                    9 joints of the body

骱         xiè                                socket/ joint of bones

含胸     hán xiōng                     concave the chest. sink in the chest

含身     hán shēn                       concave the body. sink in the body

尾閭收  wěi lǘ shōu                   tuck in tail bone

下顎收  xià è shōu                     pull chin back, keep neck straight

 

Strikes and blocks

採打                 cǎi dǎ                            wipe, pick and punch

劈                     pī                                 hit from above

仆腿                 pū bù                            sinking and striking with side kick

一步三拳         yī bù sān quán              one step, three punches         

排臂                 Pai bi                           beating arms

攔截手             lán jié shǒu                    intercepting hand (2^nd)

對練                 duì liàn                         partner practice

採手                 cǎi shǒu                         wipe and pick hand (1^st)

剷腳                 chǎn jiǎo                       level/shave foot (3^rd cai shou)

 

Kicks

踢腿                 tī tǔi                             kick with back of foot

蹬腿                 dèng tǔi                         heel kick

切腿                 qiē tǔi                           slicing kick

溜腿                 liū tǔi                            pendulum /swinging kick

外擺腿             wài bǎi tǔi                      outer swinging kick

內擺腿             nèi bǎi tǔi                      inner swinging kick

單飛腿             dān fēi tǔi                      single flying kick

二起腿             èr qǐ tǔi                          double rising kick

旋風腿             xuán fēng tǔi                  whirlwind kick

穿心                 chuān xīn                      toe kick in Hong Quan

丁字腿              dīng zì tǔi                      Nail kick

側蹬腿             cì dèng tǔi                     side heel kick

仆腿                 pu tǔi                             sinking kick

剷腳                 chǎn jiǎo                       level/shave foot

 

Qin Na Techniques

擒拿                 qín ná                           grasping and seizing

小纏絲              xiǎo chán sī                    small wrapping silk thread

大纏絲              dà chán sī                     big wrapping silk thread (releasing back hand)

老驢臥蹄           lǎo lú wò tí                    Old donkey sleeping on his hoof (wrist lock turning out)

霸王請客           bà wáng qǐng kè              Gangster king invites a guest (switch from hand shake into thumb lock)

黃鶯別翅           huáng yīng bié chì          Yellow Oriole (bird) parts its wings

 

 

INSTRUCTORS COMMANDS:

 

5 Basic exercises

下蹲                 xià dūn                         downward squats

活臂                 huó bì (bèi)                   enliven arms

甩腰                 shuǎi yāo                      swing waist

活腰                 huó yāo                         animate waist

切掌                 qiē zhǎng                      cutting palm

托天畫地           tuō tiān huà dì              support sky, paint earth

 

壓腿                 yā tuǐ                            press leg

雁式平衡           yàn shì píng héng         wild goose balance

 

Commands

集合                 jí hé                              gather together

預備                 yù bèi                           get ready

開始                 kāi shǐ                          start

換邊                 huàn biān                     switch sides

換腳                 huàn jiǎo                      switch foot

停                     tíng                              stop

分解動作           fēn jiě dòng zuò           step-by-step movement

連續動作           lián xù dòng zuò          continuous movement

立正                 lì zhèng                        attention

敬禮                 jìng lǐ                           salute (bow)

下課                 xià kè                            end of lesson

 

 

 

長拳步法  CHANG QUAN STANCES

步                               bù                    stance  / posture (dynamic)

式                               shì                   step / stance (static)

1)  馬步                        mǎ bù               horse riding stance /horse stance

2)  弓步                        gōng bù             bow stance

登山式                      dēng shān bù    mountain climbing stance

3)  坐盤式                     zuò pán shì       sit coiled step

4)  四六步                     sì liù bù              four six stance (weight 40% front leg, 60% back leg)

5)  伏虎式                     fú hǔ shì           tiger taming stance

6)  獨立步                     dú lì bù             single (leg) standing / single leg stance

金雞獨立                   jīn jī dú lì         golden chicken stands on one leg

7)  虛步                        xū bù                false / empty stance

8)  吞 式                       tūn bù               swallow / sunken horse

 

洪拳步法 HONG QUAN STANCES

1)  四平大馬                  sì píng (dà) mǎ              four level wide horse

2)  子午馬                     zi wǔ mǎ                       midnight noon horse

3)  伏虎馬                     fú  hǔ mǎ                      tiger taming horse

4)  麒麟馬                     qí lín mǎ                       Kirin (Unicorn) stance

5)  獨鶴馬                     dú hè mǎ                       single leg crane horse

6)  吊馬                        diào mǎ                          suspended horse

7)  中字馬                     zhōng  zì mǎ                 centre horse

8)  敗馬式                     bài mǎ shì                     evading horse step

9)  三角馬                     sān jiǎo mǎ                   three corner horse

10) 跳馬                       tiào mǎ                         jump/ skip over horse

11) 二字拑羊馬            èr zì qián yáng mǎ         Double grasping stance

12) 丁字馬                    dīng zì mǎ                    “T” shaped horse

13) 跪馬                       guì mǎ                          kneeling horse

 

長洪套路        CHANG QUAN / HONG QUAN FORMS

十路彈腿                       shí lù tán tǔi                  10 Road Tan Tui (springing leg)

1)  連步拳                     lían bù quán                 Linking step fist

2)  蟠龍棍                     pán lóng gùn                Coiling dragon staff

3)  工力拳                     gōng lì quán                 Working power fist

4)  對棍                         dùi gùn                         Pair staff

5)  工字伏虎拳              gōng zì fú hǔ quán        “I” shape tiger taming fist

6)  柳葉單刀                  liǔ yè dān dāo                Willow leaf sword

7)  一路埋伏                  yī lù mái fú                    First way of ambush

8)  單鶴朝chao2枝       dān hè cháo zhī             Lone crane facing branch / Basic Crane fist

9)  崑峿棍                     kūn wú gùn                   Kun Wu Staff

10) 靈蛇出洞/蛇拳     líng shé chū dòng shé quán  Clever snake leaves hole / Basic snake fist

11) 七星刀                    qī xīng dāo                   Seven  star sword

12) 二路埋伏                 èr lù mái fú                    Second way of ambush

13) 洪門槍                    hóng mén qiāng             Hong family spear

14) 五禽虎                    wǔ qín hǔ                     Five animals tiger

15) 洪門劍                    hóng mén jiàn               Hong family straight sword

16) 大刀(關刀)               dà dāo (guān dāo)       Halberd, Named after the warrior Guan Gong.

17) 十字趟                    shí zì tàng                    Ten character journey

18) 扑刀                       pū dāo                          Beating sword

19) 羅漢十八掌             lúo hàn shí bā zhǎng     Eighteen Luo Han palm

20) 三才劍                    sān cái jiàn                    Three power sword

21) 小虎燕                    xiǎo hǔ yàn                   Small tiger swallow

22) 四路查拳                 si lù cha quán               Fourth road Cha family (Muslim) fist

23) 夜遊江南扇             yè yóu jiāng nán shàn    Night tour of South Yangtze area fan

24) 八卦刀                    bā guà dāo                    Eight tri-gram sword

25) 洪門棍                    hóng mén gùn              Hong family staff

26) 十形豹                    shí xíng bao                 Ten shape leopard fist

27) 五禽龍                    wǔ qín lóng                  Five animals dragon fist

28) 三才對劍                 sān cái dùi jiàn              Three power pair sword

29) 鐵尺                       tié chǐ                           Iron ruler (Sai)

30) 五禽鶴                    wu xíng hè                    Five Animal crane fist

31) 五禽蛇                    wu xíng shé                  Five Animal snake fist

32) 三路砲                    sān lù pào                     Third road Cannon Fist

33) 小洪拳                    xiǎo hóng quán             Small hong Fist (Shaolin Quan)

 

五 形    wǔ xíng                        five element

龍 虎 豹 蛇 鶴

lóng hǔ shé hé bào                   dragon tiger snake crane leopard

 

 

 

十 形                shí xíng                        ten forms/shapes

虎   鶴   龍   蛇   猴   鷹   熊   獅   馬   豹

hǔ    he   lóng   shé   hóu  yīng  xióng  shī     mǎ    bào

tiger crane dragon snake monkey eagle bear lion horse leopard

 

五 禽                wǔ qín                          five animals

虎 鶴 龍 蛇 猴

hǔ hè lóng shé hóu

tiger crane dragon snake monkey

 

General Notes:

北長拳四大家：查花(華)洪砲

Northern Long Fist 4 main families: Cha, Hua, Hong, Pao

 

 

 

Linage

 

CHANG QUAN LINEAGE

 

Pin Yin	English	Chinese Characters
Zhào Kuāng Yìn(Sòng Tài Zǔ)	Emperor Tai Zu. Founder of the Song Dynasty. Lived 927 – 976 AD	趙匡胤(宋太祖)
Tài Zǔ Cháng Quán	Well known style in the Ming Dynasty	太祖長拳
Zhōng Yāng Guó Shù Guǎn	Nan Jing Central Martial Arts Academy. Our Chang Quan system is created from many other related systems. Mai Fu Quan, Cha Quan, Mantis, Pao Quan etc.	中央國術館
Hán Qìng Táng	Great Grand Master Han	韓慶堂
Lǐ Mào Qīng	Grand Master Li	李茂清
Chén Qīng Hé	Master Chen	陳清河

 

 

HONG QUAN LINEAGE

 

	Pin Yin	English	Chinese Characters
	Zhì Shàn Chán Shī	Monk Zhi Shan	至善禪師
	Hóng Xī Guān	Founder of Hong Quan.	洪熙官
	Lù A Cǎi	Shī dǐ  or younger brother in Hóng Xī Guān’s school.	陸阿采
	Huáng Qí Yīng	A renowned cantonese Martial artist, Father of Huáng Fēi Hǒng.	黃麒英
	Huáng Fēi Hǒng	Lived (1847 – 1924). Most famous of all Cantonese martial artists.	黃飛鴻
	Lín Jiā Kūn	Great Grand Master Lin	林家坤
	Zhāng Kè Zhì	Grand Master Zhang	張克治
	Chén  Chīng Hé	Master Chen	陳清河